Best Soil for Gardening in Montana

Montana has 67 USDA soil survey areas, and they vary considerably in how friendly the ground is for growing things. We ranked every survey area by the percentage of well-drained soil — the single most important soil property for most garden plants.

At the top, Helena National Forest Area, Montana has 100% well-drained soils — conditions where most vegetables, herbs, and flowers can thrive with basic soil preparation. At the other end, Missoula County Area, Montana comes in at 46%, meaning more of the landscape has drainage challenges that may require raised beds, soil amendments, or careful site selection for a productive garden.

Remember that these are area-wide averages. Even in a low-ranking survey area, individual properties can have excellent garden soil. Look up your specific address for exact conditions.

#Survey AreaWell-Drained SoilsDominant DrainageDominant Soil Order
1 Helena National Forest Area, Montana 100% Well drained Inceptisols
2 Petroleum County, Montana 99% Well drained Entisols
3 Garfield County, Montana 99% Well drained Entisols
4 Carter County, Montana 99% Well drained Mollisols
5 Bob Marshall, Scapegoat, Great Bear, and Mission Mtn. Wilderness Area, Montana 99% Well drained Mollisols
6 Rosebud County Area and Part of Big Horn County, Montana 99% Well drained Entisols
7 McCone County, Montana 99% Well drained Entisols
8 Musselshell County, Montana 99% Well drained Inceptisols
9 Carbon County Area, Montana 99% Well drained Mollisols
10 Yellowstone County, Montana 98% Well drained Entisols
11 Phillips County Area, Montana 98% Well drained Entisols
12 Golden Valley County Area, Montana 98% Well drained Mollisols
13 Cascade County Area, Montana 98% Well drained Mollisols
14 Fallon County, Montana 98% Well drained Mollisols
15 Kootenai National Forest Area, Montana-Idaho 98% Well drained Inceptisols
16 Valley County, Montana 98% Well drained Mollisols
17 Blaine County and Part of Phillips County Area, Montana 98% Well drained Mollisols
18 Fergus County, Montana 98% Well drained Mollisols
19 Big Horn County Area, Montana 97% Well drained Mollisols
20 Custer County Area, Montana 97% Well drained Inceptisols
21 Liberty County, Montana 97% Well drained Mollisols
22 Chouteau County Area, Montana 96% Well drained Mollisols
23 Lewis and Clark National Forest Area, Montana 96% Well drained Mollisols
24 Powder River Area, Montana 96% Well drained Aridisols
25 Toole County, Montana 96% Well drained Mollisols
26 Prairie County, Montana 95% Well drained Inceptisols
27 Glacier National Park Area - Parts of Glacier and Flathead Counties, Montana 95% Well drained Inceptisols
28 Roosevelt and Daniels Counties, Montana 95% Well drained Entisols
29 Flathead National Forest Area, Montana 95% Well drained Inceptisols
30 Wheatland County Area, Montana 95% Well drained Mollisols
31 Treasure County, Montana 95% Well drained Entisols
32 Richland County, Montana 95% Well drained Mollisols
33 Choteau-Conrad Area; Parts of Teton and Pondera Counties, Montana 95% Well drained Mollisols
34 Hill County, Montana 95% Well drained Mollisols
35 Park County Area, Montana 94% Well drained Mollisols
36 Sweet Grass County Area, Montana 94% Well drained Mollisols
37 Lewis and Clark County Area, Montana 93% Well drained Mollisols
38 Judith Basin Area, Montana 93% Well drained Mollisols
39 Meagher County Area, Montana 93% Well drained Mollisols
40 Stillwater County Area, Montana 93% Well drained Mollisols
41 Broadwater County Area, Montana 92% Well drained Mollisols
42 Lolo National Forest Area, Montana 92% Well drained Inceptisols
43 Dawson County, Montana 92% Well drained Mollisols
44 Sheridan County, Montana 91% Well drained Mollisols
45 Glacier County Area and Part of Pondera County, Montana 91% Well drained Mollisols
46 Wibaux County, Montana 91% Well drained Mollisols
47 Horse Prairie-South Valley Area - Part of Beaverhead County, Montana 89% Well drained Mollisols
48 Madison County Area, Montana 89% Well drained Mollisols
49 Jefferson County Area and Part of Silver Bow County, Montana 89% Well drained Mollisols
50 Dillon Area - Part of Beaverhead County, Montana 88% Well drained Inceptisols
51 Gallatin County Area, Montana 87% Well drained Mollisols
52 Granite County Area, Montana 80% Well drained Mollisols
53 Big Hole Area - Part of Beaverhead County, Montana 80% Well drained Mollisols
54 Powell County Area, Montana 77% Well drained Mollisols
55 Upper Flathead Valley Area, Montana 74% Well drained Mollisols
56 Flathead County Area and Part of Lincoln County, Montana 74% Well drained Inceptisols
57 Gallatin National Forest Area, Montana 73% Well drained Alfisols
58 Red Rock Lakes Area - Part of Beaverhead County, Montana 71% Well drained Mollisols
59 Silver Bow County Area and Parts of Beaverhead and Jefferson Counties, Montana 71% Well drained Mollisols
60 Lake County Area, Montana 71% Well drained Inceptisols
61 Bitterroot National Forest Area, Montana 70% Well drained Inceptisols
62 Deer Lodge County Area, Montana 67% Well drained Mollisols
63 Beaverhead National Forest Area, Montana 66% Well drained Mollisols
64 Deer Lodge National Forest Area, Montana 61% Well drained Mollisols
65 Bitterroot Valley Area, Montana 60% Well drained Mollisols
66 Sanders and Parts of Lincoln and Flathead Counties, Montana 47% Well drained Inceptisols
67 Missoula County Area, Montana 46% Somewhat excessively drained Inceptisols