Soil Glossary
Soil reports are full of technical terms that can be confusing if you're not a soil scientist. This glossary explains the most important ones in plain language — what they mean and why they matter for your property decisions.
Well Drained Soil
Water moves through readily — ideal for most uses.
Poorly Drained Soil
Water stays near the surface — challenging for building and septic.
Hydrologic Groups (A, B, C, D)
How fast rainfall infiltrates vs. runs off.
Perc Test (Percolation Test)
Measures how fast water drains through soil for septic design.
Soil Texture (Sand, Silt, Clay)
The physical composition of soil particles.
Soil Drainage Classes
The seven USDA drainage classifications explained.
Soil Horizons (Layers)
The distinct layers visible in a soil profile.
Shrink-Swell Potential
How much clay soils expand and contract with moisture changes.