Washington County, Wisconsin
The most common soil here is Hochheim, on about 18% of the land: a silt loam, smooth, like flour. Theresa and Casco come next.
About 56% of the land drains well, and 33% stays wet for long stretches; groundwater comes within two feet of the surface under 33% of it.
USDA rates 83% of the land very limited for a standard septic drain field, and 54% very limited for homes with basements. That means extra cost or special design, not that it can't be done.
Worth knowing: 5% of the land floods occasionally or more.
Soils change over short distances, so look up an address below for the soil at that exact spot and the reasons behind each rating.
The soils you're most likely standing on
The biggest named soils in Washington County, Wisconsin, each drawn five feet deep from its official USDA description, in its recorded colors.
Dots mark gravel; white flecks mark lime. Shares are by acres across the survey area, and each mapped patch usually mixes several of these soils.
The biggest mapped areas
The dominant drainage class is Well drained and the dominant hydrologic group is C (slow infiltration, moderate runoff). The most common soil order is Alfisols — moderately leached forest soils with a clay-enriched subsoil. This report summarizes the major soil map units across the survey area to help you understand what to expect when buying, building, or gardening in Washington County, Wisconsin. Search your address to find the exact soil composition, drainage, and series details at your specific location.
| Soil Map Unit | Acres | Drainage | Hydro Group | Dwellings | Septic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hochheim loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded | 20K | Well drained | D | Somewhat limited | Very limited |
| Houghton mucky peat, 0 to 2 percent slopes | 18K | Very poorly drained | A/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Theresa silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes | 17K | Well drained | C | Not limited | Somewhat limited |
| Theresa silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded | 13K | Well drained | C | Not limited | Somewhat limited |
| Palms mucky peat, 0 to 2 percent slopes | 10K | Very poorly drained | B/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Hochheim loam, 12 to 20 percent slopes, eroded | 9K | Well drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Pella silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes | 9K | Poorly drained | B/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Casco-Rodman complex, 20 to 30 percent slopes | 9K | Somewhat excessively drained | B | Very limited | Very limited |
| Hochheim loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded | 9K | Well drained | D | Not limited | Very limited |
| Fox silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes | 9K | Well drained | B | Not limited | Very limited |
| Mayville silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes | 7K | Moderately well drained | C | Very limited | Very limited |
| Hochheim loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes | 6K | Well drained | D | Not limited | Very limited |
| Brookston silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes | 6K | Poorly drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Lamartine silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes | 5K | Somewhat poorly drained | B/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Ozaukee silt loam, high carbonate substratum, 2 to 6 percent slopes | 5K | Moderately well drained | C | Very limited | Very limited |
| Ozaukee silt loam, high carbonate substratum, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded | 5K | Moderately well drained | C | Very limited | Very limited |
| Water | 5K | Not rated | Not rated | ||
| Casco loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded | 5K | Somewhat excessively drained | B | Somewhat limited | Very limited |
| Colwood silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes | 4K | Poorly drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Sisson-Casco-Hochheim complex, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded | 4K | Well drained | B | Somewhat limited | Somewhat limited |
Soil Orders in This Area
The USDA classifies every soil into one of 12 soil orders. Here are the dominant orders found in this survey area.
What This Means
Building & Foundations
About 54% of soils are rated "very limited" for dwellings with basements. Specific challenges include steep slopes, poor drainage in some areas. A geotechnical assessment is recommended before building.
Septic Systems
About 83% of soils are rated "very limited" for septic absorption fields. Despite good drainage overall, limitations may stem from shallow bedrock, steep slopes, or seasonal conditions. Engineered or alternative systems are frequently required. Always get a professional perc test before purchasing land that needs septic.
Gardening & Agriculture
Well-drained soils on sloped terrain — good for most plants but watch for erosion. Terracing, contour planting, and mulching help retain moisture and topsoil. Drip irrigation is more effective than sprinklers on slopes.