Addison County, Vermont
The most common soil here is Vergennes, on about 21% of the land: a clay, sticky when wet and rock-hard when dry. Berkshire and Marlow come next.
About 42% of the land drains well, and 19% stays wet for long stretches; groundwater comes within two feet of the surface under 25% of it.
USDA rates 83% of the land very limited for a standard septic drain field, and 78% very limited for homes with basements. That means extra cost or special design, not that it can't be done.
Worth knowing: 3% of the land floods occasionally or more, and bedrock lies within 40 inches under 19% of it.
Soils change over short distances, so look up an address below for the soil at that exact spot and the reasons behind each rating.
The soils you're most likely standing on
The biggest named soils in Addison County, Vermont, each drawn five feet deep from its official USDA description, in its recorded colors.
Dots mark gravel; white flecks mark lime. Shares are by acres across the survey area, and each mapped patch usually mixes several of these soils.
The biggest mapped areas
The dominant drainage class is Moderately well drained and the dominant hydrologic group is D (very slow infiltration, high runoff). The most common soil order is Spodosols — acidic forest soils with a distinctive leached layer, common under conifers. This report summarizes the major soil map units across the survey area to help you understand what to expect when buying, building, or gardening in Addison County, Vermont. Search your address to find the exact soil composition, drainage, and series details at your specific location.
| Soil Map Unit | Acres | Drainage | Hydro Group | Dwellings | Septic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vergennes clay, 2 to 6 percent slopes | 77K | Moderately well drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Berkshire and Marlow soils, 20 to 50 percent slopes, very stony | 55K | Well drained | B | Very limited | Very limited |
| Covington and Panton silty clays | 40K | Poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Lyman-Berkshire complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes, very rocky | 39K | Well drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Berkshire and Marlow soils, 3 to 20 percent slopes, very stony | 36K | Well drained | B | Somewhat limited | Somewhat limited |
| Water | 25K | Not rated | Not rated | ||
| Vergennes clay, 12 to 25 percent slopes | 20K | Moderately well drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Rock land | 19K | Not rated | Not rated | ||
| Vergennes clay, 6 to 12 percent slopes | 18K | Moderately well drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Muck and Peat | 14K | Very poorly drained | A/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Peru fine sandy loam, 0 to 20 percent slopes, very stony | 14K | Moderately well drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Farmington extremely rocky silt loam, 5 to 20 percent slopes | 11K | Somewhat excessively drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Farmington extremely rocky silt loam, 20 to 50 percent slopes | 11K | Somewhat excessively drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Cabot silt loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes, very stony | 10K | Poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Peru fine sandy loam, 20 to 60 percent slopes, very stony | 8K | Moderately well drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Swanton fine sandy loam | 6K | Poorly drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Livingston clay | 6K | Very poorly drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Vergennes clay, 25 to 50 percent slopes | 5K | Moderately well drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Covington silty clay, flooded | 4K | Poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Berkshire and Marlow soils, 3 to 12 percent slopes | 4K | Well drained | B | Not limited | Somewhat limited |
Soil Orders in This Area
The USDA classifies every soil into one of 12 soil orders. Here are the dominant orders found in this survey area.
What This Means
Building & Foundations
About 78% of soils are rated "very limited" for dwellings with basements. Specific challenges include shallow bedrock, steep slopes, poor drainage in some areas, flood-prone areas. A geotechnical assessment is recommended before building.
Septic Systems
About 83% of soils are rated "very limited" for septic absorption fields. Despite good drainage overall, limitations may stem from shallow bedrock, steep slopes, or seasonal conditions. Engineered or alternative systems are frequently required. Always get a professional perc test before purchasing land that needs septic.
Gardening & Agriculture
Well-drained soils on sloped terrain — good for most plants but watch for erosion. Terracing, contour planting, and mulching help retain moisture and topsoil. Drip irrigation is more effective than sprinklers on slopes.