Norfolk and Suffolk Counties, Massachusetts
The most common soil here is Canton, on about 8% of the land: a fine sandy loam, gritty and crumbly. Merrimac and Woodbridge come next.
About 47% of the land drains well, and 15% stays wet for long stretches; groundwater comes within two feet of the surface under 21% of it.
USDA rates 76% of the land very limited for a standard septic drain field, and 38% very limited for homes with basements. That means extra cost or special design, not that it can't be done.
Worth knowing: 2% of the land floods occasionally or more, and bedrock lies within 40 inches under 14% of it.
Soils change over short distances, so look up an address below for the soil at that exact spot and the reasons behind each rating.
The soils you're most likely standing on
The biggest named soils in Norfolk and Suffolk Counties, Massachusetts, each drawn five feet deep from its official USDA description, in its recorded colors.
Dots mark gravel; white flecks mark lime. Shares are by acres across the survey area, and each mapped patch usually mixes several of these soils.
The biggest mapped areas
The dominant drainage class is Well drained and the dominant hydrologic group is A (high infiltration, low runoff). The most common soil order is Inceptisols — young soils with minimal horizon development but more than Entisols. This report summarizes the major soil map units across the survey area to help you understand what to expect when buying, building, or gardening in Norfolk and Suffolk Counties, Massachusetts. Search your address to find the exact soil composition, drainage, and series details at your specific location.
| Soil Map Unit | Acres | Drainage | Hydro Group | Dwellings | Septic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | 43K | Not rated | Not rated | ||
| Merrimac-Urban land complex, 0 to 8 percent slopes | 16K | Somewhat excessively drained | A | Not limited | Very limited |
| Urban land, 0 to 15 percent slopes | 15K | Not rated | Not rated | ||
| Hollis-Rock outcrop-Charlton complex, 0 to 15 percent slopes | 13K | Well drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Merrimac fine sandy loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes | 13K | Somewhat excessively drained | A | Not limited | Very limited |
| Charlton-Hollis-Rock outcrop complex, 8 to 15 percent slopes | 10K | Well drained | B | Somewhat limited | Very limited |
| Freetown muck, 0 to 1 percent slopes | 10K | Very poorly drained | B/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Hinckley loamy sand, 8 to 15 percent slopes | 9K | Excessively drained | A | Somewhat limited | Very limited |
| Swansea muck, 0 to 1 percent slopes | 9K | Very poorly drained | B/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Udorthents, sandy | 9K | A | Somewhat limited | Very limited | |
| Canton fine sandy loam, 0 to 8 percent slopes, extremely stony | 8K | Well drained | B | Not limited | Very limited |
| Woodbridge fine sandy loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes | 8K | Moderately well drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Urban land, wet substratum, 0 to 3 percent slopes | 8K | Not rated | Not rated | ||
| Hinckley loamy sand, 3 to 8 percent slopes | 7K | Excessively drained | A | Not limited | Very limited |
| Canton fine sandy loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes | 7K | Well drained | B | Not limited | Very limited |
| Udorthents, wet substratum | 7K | Not rated | Not rated | ||
| Woodbridge-Urban land complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes | 6K | Moderately well drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Charlton-Hollis-Rock outcrop complex, 3 to 8 percent slopes | 6K | Well drained | A | Not limited | Very limited |
| Sudbury fine sandy loam, 2 to 8 percent slopes | 6K | Moderately well drained | B | Very limited | Very limited |
| Ridgebury fine sandy loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes, extremely stony | 6K | Poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
Soil Orders in This Area
The USDA classifies every soil into one of 12 soil orders. Here are the dominant orders found in this survey area.
What This Means
Building & Foundations
About 38% of soils have significant building limitations, while the rest are generally suitable. Check specific sites carefully — conditions vary across the area.
Septic Systems
About 76% of soils are rated "very limited" for septic absorption fields. Despite good drainage overall, limitations may stem from shallow bedrock, steep slopes, or seasonal conditions. Engineered or alternative systems are frequently required. Always get a professional perc test before purchasing land that needs septic.
Gardening & Agriculture
Well-drained soils on sloped terrain — good for most plants but watch for erosion. Terracing, contour planting, and mulching help retain moisture and topsoil. Drip irrigation is more effective than sprinklers on slopes.