Jefferson County, Iowa
The most common soil here is Lindley, on about 8% of the land: a loam, a balanced mix that crumbles in your hand. Mahaska and Weller come next.
About 13% of the land drains well, and 53% stays wet for long stretches; groundwater comes within two feet of the surface under 57% of it.
USDA rates 99% of the land very limited for a standard septic drain field, and 83% very limited for homes with basements. That means extra cost or special design, not that it can't be done.
Worth knowing: 9% of the land floods occasionally or more.
Soils change over short distances, so look up an address below for the soil at that exact spot and the reasons behind each rating.
The soils you're most likely standing on
The biggest named soils in Jefferson County, Iowa, each drawn five feet deep from its official USDA description, in its recorded colors.
Dots mark gravel; white flecks mark lime. Shares are by acres across the survey area, and each mapped patch usually mixes several of these soils.
The biggest mapped areas
The dominant drainage class is Poorly drained and the dominant hydrologic group is D (very slow infiltration, high runoff). The most common soil order is Alfisols — moderately leached forest soils with a clay-enriched subsoil. This report summarizes the major soil map units across the survey area to help you understand what to expect when buying, building, or gardening in Jefferson County, Iowa. Search your address to find the exact soil composition, drainage, and series details at your specific location.
| Soil Map Unit | Acres | Drainage | Hydro Group | Dwellings | Septic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taintor silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes | 15K | Poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Haig silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes | 15K | Poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Mahaska silty clay loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes | 13K | Somewhat poorly drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Rinda silty clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded | 11K | Poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Clinton silty clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, eroded | 9K | Moderately well drained | C | Somewhat limited | Very limited |
| Grundy silty clay loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes | 8K | Somewhat poorly drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Weller silty clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded | 8K | Moderately well drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Olmitz-Zook-Vesser complex, 0 to 5 percent slopes | 8K | Poorly drained | C | Very limited | Very limited |
| Ladoga silty clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, eroded | 8K | Moderately well drained | C | Somewhat limited | Very limited |
| Mahaska silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes | 8K | Somewhat poorly drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Clarinda silty clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded | 8K | Poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Nodaway silt loam, shallow loess, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded | 7K | Moderately well drained | B | Very limited | Very limited |
| Lindley loam, 14 to 18 percent slopes, moderately eroded | 7K | Well drained | C | Very limited | Very limited |
| Nodaway-Vesser-Ackmore complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes | 7K | Poorly drained | C/D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Pershing silty clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded | 7K | Somewhat poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Lindley loam, 25 to 40 percent slopes | 7K | Well drained | C | Very limited | Very limited |
| Nira silty clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded | 7K | Moderately well drained | C | Very limited | Very limited |
| Hedrick silty clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately erode | 6K | Moderately well drained | C | Very limited | Very limited |
| Pershing silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes | 6K | Somewhat poorly drained | D | Very limited | Very limited |
| Otley silty clay loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, eroded | 6K | Moderately well drained | C | Very limited | Very limited |
Soil Orders in This Area
The USDA classifies every soil into one of 12 soil orders. Here are the dominant orders found in this survey area.
What This Means
Building & Foundations
About 83% of soils are rated "very limited" for dwellings with basements. Specific challenges include steep slopes, poor drainage in some areas, flood-prone areas. A geotechnical assessment is recommended before building.
Septic Systems
About 99% of soils are rated "very limited" for septic absorption fields. Poorly drained soils can't absorb septic effluent effectively. Engineered or alternative systems are frequently required. Always get a professional perc test before purchasing land that needs septic.
Gardening & Agriculture
Many soils hold water for extended periods. Raised beds are highly recommended to improve drainage for vegetables. Well-adapted native plants and water-loving species will do best in natural conditions.